Coastal Services Center

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

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How Can Public Participation Be Used Effectively in the Planning and Management of MPAs?


Collaborative processes and public meetings can be used to incorporate public participation into MPA planning and management decisions. Public participation is effective when it is open, understandable, and consistently followed. The public must understand what, if any, impact its comments will have on decision making, and the process should be designed to identify or address the issues and concerns of all stakeholder communities. Designing an effective collaborative process will require significant planning and time, but may build awareness, corroboration, and, consensus on the best way to protect an area.

How Can Knowing This Help Me?

Knowing and understanding how public participation can be used in effective planning and management of MPAs may help

  • Increase support and build relationships with stakeholders
  • Empower the public in the decision-making process
  • Incorporate public participation
  • Inform the public in a timely manner
  • Educate stakeholders on management issues

What Are Some Tools I Can Use?