Phragmites australis Distribution

Eradication of P. australis

• porewater salinity unchanged
• P. australis eradicated
• little or no recolonization of native plant species

• increased porewater salinity
• P. australis eradicated
• some recolonization of native plant species

• latest stage of development (5 years)
• P. australis eradicated
• tidal hydrology restored
• recolonization of native plant species

Decreased P. australis Patch Size

• porewater salinity unchanged
• P. australis shorter and somewhat decreased in distribution
• little or no recolonization of native plant species

• intermediate stage of development (2 years)
• increased porewater salinity
• signs of P. australis die-off and reduction in plant height and distribution
• some recolonization of native plant species

• porewater salinity at desired level
• signs of P. australis die-off and reduction in plant height and distribution
• some recolonization of native plant species

Similar P. australis Patch Size

• early stage of development (6 months)
• porewater salinity unchanged
• little or no change in P. australis distribution
• native plant populations threatened by P. australis monoculture

• increased porewater salinity
• little or no change in P. australis distribution or apparent health
• native plant populations threatened by P. australis monoculture

• porewater salinity at desired level
• little or no change in P. australis distribution or apparent health
• native plant populations threatened by P. australis monoculture

0 to 5

5 to 18

>18

Porewater Salinity (ppt)